Balanced equation:
2 C8H18 + 25 O2--> 16CO2 + 18H2O
According to my chemistry book 1 gal of C8H18 combust to produce 9.3 kg CO2.
Our trip to Virgina used 44 gals of gas (87 octane) so...
44 gals x .87 octane = 38. 28 gals octane x 9.3kg CO2 = 356.004 kg CO2.
This seems to make sense since 44 gallons of octane weighs about 124kg. Octane weights 5.85 lbs per gal. 5.85 x 44 gal = 257.4 lbs (116.75 kg).
So... 356 x 2 = 712 kg CO2 total produced for round trip.
7/22/2006
Trauzl
Trauzl lead block test
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Trauzl lead block test, also called Trauzl test or just Trauzl, is a test used to measure the strength of explosive materials. It was developed by Isidor Trauzl in 1885.
The test is performed by loading a 10 gram foil-wrapped sample of the explosive into a hole drilled into a lead block with specific dimensions. The hole is then filled with sand and the sample is detonated electrically. After detonation, the volume increase of the cavity is measured. The result is given in cm3 and is caled the Trauzl number of the explosive.
A variant of the test uses aluminium block.
This explosives-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauzl_lead_block_test"
Categories: Explosives stubs | Explosives
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Trauzl lead block test, also called Trauzl test or just Trauzl, is a test used to measure the strength of explosive materials. It was developed by Isidor Trauzl in 1885.
The test is performed by loading a 10 gram foil-wrapped sample of the explosive into a hole drilled into a lead block with specific dimensions. The hole is then filled with sand and the sample is detonated electrically. After detonation, the volume increase of the cavity is measured. The result is given in cm3 and is caled the Trauzl number of the explosive.
A variant of the test uses aluminium block.
This explosives-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trauzl_lead_block_test"
Categories: Explosives stubs | Explosives
Brisance
Brisance
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Brisance is a measure of the rapidity with which an explosive develops its maximum pressure.
In addition to strength, explosive materials display a second characteristic, which is their shattering effect or brisance (from the French meaning to "break"), which is distinguished from their total work capacity. This characteristic is of practical importance in determining the effectiveness of an explosion in fragmenting shells, bomb casings, grenades, and the like. The rapidity with which an explosive reaches its peak pressure is a measure of its brisance. Brisance values are primarily employed in France and Russia.
A brisant explosive is one in which the maximum pressure is attained so rapidly that a shock wave is formed, and the net effect is to shatter material surrounding or in contact with it. Thus brisance is a measure of the shattering ability of an explosive.
The sand crush test is commonly employed to determine the relative brisance in comparison to TNT. No single test is capable of directly comparing the explosive properties of two or more compounds; it is important to examine the data from several such tests (sand crush, trauzl, and so forth) in order to gauge relative brisance. True values for comparison will require field experiments.
One of the most brisant conventional explosives is Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (also known as RDX).
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Brisance is a measure of the rapidity with which an explosive develops its maximum pressure.
In addition to strength, explosive materials display a second characteristic, which is their shattering effect or brisance (from the French meaning to "break"), which is distinguished from their total work capacity. This characteristic is of practical importance in determining the effectiveness of an explosion in fragmenting shells, bomb casings, grenades, and the like. The rapidity with which an explosive reaches its peak pressure is a measure of its brisance. Brisance values are primarily employed in France and Russia.
A brisant explosive is one in which the maximum pressure is attained so rapidly that a shock wave is formed, and the net effect is to shatter material surrounding or in contact with it. Thus brisance is a measure of the shattering ability of an explosive.
The sand crush test is commonly employed to determine the relative brisance in comparison to TNT. No single test is capable of directly comparing the explosive properties of two or more compounds; it is important to examine the data from several such tests (sand crush, trauzl, and so forth) in order to gauge relative brisance. True values for comparison will require field experiments.
One of the most brisant conventional explosives is Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (also known as RDX).
6/29/2006
ACLU Seeks Information About Government Use of Brain Scanners in Interrogations
ACLU Seeks Information About Government Use of Brain Scanners in Interrogations (6/28/2006)
NEW YORK-- In the face of suspicions that the government is using cutting-edge brain-scanning technologies on suspected terrorists being held overseas or at home, the American Civil Liberties Union today announced that it has filed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests with all the primary American security agencies.
"There are certain things that have such powerful implications for our society -- and for humanity at large -- that we have a right to know how they are being used so that we can grapple with them as a democratic society," said Barry Steinhardt, Director of the ACLU's Technology and Liberty Project. "These brain-scanning technologies are far from ready for forensic uses and if deployed will inevitably be misused and misunderstood."
The most likely technology to be used for anti-terrorism purposes is Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), which can produce live, real-time images of people's brains as they answer questions, view images, listen to sounds, and respond to other stimuli. Two private companies have announced that they will begin to offer "lie detection" services using fMRI as early as this summer. These companies are marketing their services to federal government agencies, including the Department of Defense, Department of Justice, the National Security Agency and the CIA, and to state and local police departments.
The ACLU's FOIA requests were filed yesterday with the Pentagon, NSA, CIA, FBI and Department of Homeland Security.
"These brain-scanning technologies have potentially far-reaching implications, yet uncertain results and effectiveness," said Steinhardt. "And we are still in our infancy when it comes to understanding the underlying processes of the brain that the scanners have begun to reveal. We do not want to see our government yet again deploying a potentially momentous technology unilaterally and in secret, before Americans have had a chance to figure out how it fits in with our values as a nation."
The ACLU’s FOIA request is available online at www.aclu.org/privacy/gen/26031res20060628.html.
A video of an ACLU-sponsored forum featuring experts discussing the use of fMRI as a “lie detector” is online at www.aclu.org/future.
NEW YORK-- In the face of suspicions that the government is using cutting-edge brain-scanning technologies on suspected terrorists being held overseas or at home, the American Civil Liberties Union today announced that it has filed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests with all the primary American security agencies.
"There are certain things that have such powerful implications for our society -- and for humanity at large -- that we have a right to know how they are being used so that we can grapple with them as a democratic society," said Barry Steinhardt, Director of the ACLU's Technology and Liberty Project. "These brain-scanning technologies are far from ready for forensic uses and if deployed will inevitably be misused and misunderstood."
The most likely technology to be used for anti-terrorism purposes is Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), which can produce live, real-time images of people's brains as they answer questions, view images, listen to sounds, and respond to other stimuli. Two private companies have announced that they will begin to offer "lie detection" services using fMRI as early as this summer. These companies are marketing their services to federal government agencies, including the Department of Defense, Department of Justice, the National Security Agency and the CIA, and to state and local police departments.
The ACLU's FOIA requests were filed yesterday with the Pentagon, NSA, CIA, FBI and Department of Homeland Security.
"These brain-scanning technologies have potentially far-reaching implications, yet uncertain results and effectiveness," said Steinhardt. "And we are still in our infancy when it comes to understanding the underlying processes of the brain that the scanners have begun to reveal. We do not want to see our government yet again deploying a potentially momentous technology unilaterally and in secret, before Americans have had a chance to figure out how it fits in with our values as a nation."
The ACLU’s FOIA request is available online at www.aclu.org/privacy/gen/26031res20060628.html.
A video of an ACLU-sponsored forum featuring experts discussing the use of fMRI as a “lie detector” is online at www.aclu.org/future.
6/27/2006
Pruitt-Igoe and the End of Modernity
"The federally funded Pruitt-Igoe housing project in St. Louis was designed by St. Louis architects George Hellmuth and Minoru Yamasaki in 1951. It was thought to be the epitome of modernist architechture--high-rise, "designed for interaction," and a solution to the problems of urban development and renewal in the middle of the 20th Century. Pruitt-Igoe opened in 1954 and was completed in 1956. Pruitt-Igoe included thirty-three, eleven story buildings on a 35 acre site just north of downtown St. Louis.
"These structures were no anomaly. Instead, the Pruitt-Igoe project was the product of a larger vision of St. Louis government and business leaders who wanted to rebuild their city into a Manhattan on the Mississippi. Other redevelopment schemes of the time, for example, placed middle- and high-income residents in buildings that actually rivaled Pruitt-Igoe in height and scale."
"There is, moreover, no evidence that redevelopment plans intended to make an all-black, all-poor enclave at DeSoto Carr, which had been a poor area housing both whites and blacks before it was razed. An early scheme would have produced a majority of middle-income black residents. The final plan designated the Igoe apartments for whites and the Pruitt apartments for blacks. Whites were unwilling to move in, however, so the entire Pruitt-Igoe project soon had only black residents." ("Why They Built the Pruitt-Igoe Project," Alexander von Hoffman, Joint Center for Housing Studies, Harvard University: http://www.soc.iastate.edu/sapp/PruittIgoe.html)."
6/26/2006
Old Man's River City Project
I am writing an entry for Buck Fuller's unique and monolithic housing project.
A deep sociological examination of this project does not dismiss the design as impractical on grounds of scale or cost but rather social readiness of the would-be inhabitants.
Also Fuller has an institute:
6/14/2006
Type O Negative: Love you to Death Lyrics
3. Love You To Death
In her place one hundred candles burning
as salty sweat drips from her breast
her hips move and I can feel what they're saying, swaying
They say the beast inside of me's gonna get ya, get ya,get...
Black lipstick stains her class of red wine
I am your servant, may I light your cigarette?
Those lips smooth, yeah I can feel what you're saying, praying
They say the beast inside of me's gonna get ya, get ya, get...
I beg to serve, your wish is my law
Now close those eyes and let me love you to death
Shall I prove I mean what i'm saying, begging
I say the beast inside of me's gonna get ya, get ya, get..
Let me love you too
Let me love you to death
Hey am I good enough for you?
Hey am i good enough for you?
Am I?
Am I?
Am I good enough
for you?
In her place one hundred candles burning
as salty sweat drips from her breast
her hips move and I can feel what they're saying, swaying
They say the beast inside of me's gonna get ya, get ya,get...
Black lipstick stains her class of red wine
I am your servant, may I light your cigarette?
Those lips smooth, yeah I can feel what you're saying, praying
They say the beast inside of me's gonna get ya, get ya, get...
I beg to serve, your wish is my law
Now close those eyes and let me love you to death
Shall I prove I mean what i'm saying, begging
I say the beast inside of me's gonna get ya, get ya, get..
Let me love you too
Let me love you to death
Hey am I good enough for you?
Hey am i good enough for you?
Am I?
Am I?
Am I good enough
for you?
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